Knowledge Products – Publications

INSPIRE-PHC

Publications 2025

  • Ashcroft, R., Dahrouge, S., Lam, S., Saluja, K., Jessa, H., Boudreault, A., Rayner, J., Dolovich, L., Brown, J.B. (2026). Learning from patients about their experiences with early adoption of virtual care appointments in primary care in Ontario, Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. BMJ Open, 16, e111247. https://doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-111247
  • Cronin, S., Patel, K., St-Amant, A., Fitzsimon, J. Understanding the experience of clinicians and non-clinical staff in Integrated Virtual Care, a hybrid primary care program in rural Ontario, Canada: a qualitative study. PubMed. 2025 Oct 1;25(1):1274.
     doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-13501-2
  • Buchanan, S., Cronin, S., St-Amant, A., Fitzsimon, J. Evaluating Patient Experience with Integrated Virtual Care (IVC), a Hybrid Primary Care Model in Rural Ontario, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health. 2025;16. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21501319251345741
  • Iskandar, RJ., Tadrous, M., Nguyen, P., Dolovich, L., Green, M., Frymire, E., Aaron M Drucker, AM. Characteristics of patients seeking skin-related minor ailment pharmacy services in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cross-sectional study. British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 193, Issue 1, July 2025, Pages 173–175,  https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljaf092
  • Premji, K., Glazier, RH., Green, ME., Khan, S., Mathews, M., Nastos, S., Frymire, E., Schultz, SE., & Ryan, BL. Trends colliding – Aging comprehensive family physicians and the growing complexity of their patients. Canadian Family Physician, June 2025; 71 (6) 406-416; DOI: https://doi.org/10.46747/cfp.7106406
  • Ansari, H., Glazier, RH., Schultz, SE., Green, ME., Premji, K., Frymire, E., Daneshvarfard, M., Jaakkimainen, L., Kiran, T. Family Physicians in Focused Practice in Ontario, Canada: A Population-Level Study of Trends from 1993/1994 through 2023/2023. The Annals of Family Medicine, May 2025, 23 (3) 181-190; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.240377. https://www.annfammed.org/content/23/3/181.
  • Fitzsimon, J., Cronin, S., Gayowsky, A., St-Amant, A., Bjerre, L.M. Assessing the impact of attachment to primary care and unattachment duration on healthcare utilization and cost in Ontario, Canada: a population-based retrospective cohort study using health administrative data. BMC Primary Care 2025 26:72. Published 17March2025;  https://bmcprimcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12875-025-02771-8
  • Godfrey, L., St-Amant, A., Premji, K., Fitzsimon, J. (2025). Impact of changes in primary care attachment: a scoping review. Fam Med Community Health. PubMed Central,13(1):e003115. doi: 10.1136/fmch-2024-003115
  • St-Amant, A., Peixoto, C., Bair-Patel, D., Heideman, M., Menkhorst, K., Fitzsimon, J. (2025). Assessing patient experiences with a Virtual Triage and Assessment Centre (VTAC): a mixed-methods study using an online survey and semi-structured interviews in Renfrew County, Ontario. BMC Primary Care 26(21). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-025-02719-y
  • Aggarwal, M., Hutchison, B., Kokorelias, K.M., Bilgic, S., Glazier, RH. (2025). The impact of remuneration, extrinsic and intrinsic incentives on interprofessional primary care teams: results from a rapid scoping review. BMC Primary Care 26, 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-024-02653-5

Publications 2024

  • Ashcroft, R., Sheffield, P., Adamson, K., Phelps, F., Webber, G., Walsh, B., Dallaire, L-F., Sur, D., Kemp, C., Rayner, J., Lam, S., Brown, JB. (2024). Scoping review of social workers’ professional roles in primary care. BMJ Open, 14(12), e090527. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-090527
  • MacNeil, M., Huang, M., Ganann, R., Chisholm, A., Boyle, J., Alshaikhahmed, A., Tagami, A., Ramsden, V., Cruickshank, C. (2024). Tracing impact: building capacity in patient-oriented primary care research in Ontario and beyond. The Annals of Family Medicine, 22(Supplement 1), 6880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.22.s1.6880
  • MacNeil, M., Tagami, A., Sheffield, P., Ramsden, VR., Barker, J., Boyle, J., Cruickshank, C., Frymire, E., Glazier, RH., Gombos Hill, A., Green, ME., Huang, M., Jurriaans, M., Leid, C., McCallum, M., Precious, S., Stans, J-A., Vizza, J., Walz, M., Wilkins, S., Ganann, R. (2024). Am I attached? A patient-partnered approach to creating infographics about attachment to primary care in Ontario, Canada. Research Involvement and Engagement, 10(1), 114. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40900-024-00652-5
  • Salahub, C., Austin, PC., Bai, L., Berthelot, S., Bhatia, RS., Bird, C., Desveaux, L., Kiran, T., Lofters, A., Martin, D., McBrien, K., McCracken, RK., Paterson, JM., Rahman, B., Shuldiner, J., Tadrous, M., Thakkar, N., Ivers, NM., Lapointe-Shaw, L. (2024). Health Care Utilization After a Visit to a Within-Group Family Physician vs a Walk-In Clinic Physician. The Annals of Family Medicine, 22(6), 483-491. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.3181
  • Lapointe-Shaw, L., Salahub, C., Austin, PC., Bai, L., Banwatt, S., Berthelot, S., Bhatia, RS., Bird, C., Desveaux, L., Kiran, T., Lofters, A., Maclure, M., Martin, D., McBrien, KA., McCracken, RK., Paterson, JM., Rahman, B., Shuldiner, J., Tadrous, M., Terpou, BA., Thakkar, N., Wang, R., Ivers, NM. (2024). Characteristics of walk-in clinic physicians and patients in Ontario: Cross-sectional study. Canadian Family Physician, 70(10), e156-e168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46747/cfp.7010e156
  • Frymire, E., Tadrous, M., Premji, K., Glazier, R., Dolovich, L., Nguyen, P., Kiran, T., Roberts, L. & Green, M. (2024). The Top 5 Minor Ailments and Pharmacist Management in Ontario: Attachment and Primary Care. The Annals of Family Medicine, 22(Supplement 1), 6613. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.22.s1.6613
  • Brown, J., Thorpe, C., Bal, S., Terry, A., George, C., Premji, K., Mathews, M. & Ryan, B. (2024). Drowning in Paperwork: The Burden of Administrative Responsibilities in Primary Care. The Annals of Family Medicine, 22(Supplement 1), 6408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.22.s1.6408
  • Frymire, E., Glazier, R., Nguyen, P., Green, M., Roberts, L., Kiran, T., Premji, K., Ansari, H., & Jaakkimainen, L. (2024). Comprehensive and Focus Practice changes in the Family Physician Workforce in Ontario:1993-2022. The Annals of Family Medicine, 22(Supplement 1), 6596. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.22.s1.6596
  • Dolovich, L., Nguyen, P., Aziz, Y. A., Tadrous, M., Avilla, E., Mathers, A., Frymire, E., Glazier, R., Premji, K., Jaakkimainen, L., Kiran, T., Roberts, L. & Green, M. E. (2024) “Minor Ailments and Pharmacist Management in Ontario, Canada: Attachment and Primary Care”, International Journal of Population Data Science, 9(5). https://ijpds.org/article/view/2702
  • Gupta, A., Pinto, A., Glazier, R., Gozdyra, P., Khan, S., Kiran, T., Frymire, E., & Green, M. (2024). Mapping Patient Access to Care and Quality of Care based on Distance from Family Physician. The Annals of Family Medicine, 22(Supplement 1), 6016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.22.s1.6016
  • Frymire, E., Glazier, R., Nguyen, P., Mcilveen-Brown, E., Martin, D., Roberts, L., Saskin, R., Abraham, L., & Green, M. (2024). Practice patterns of Ontario physicians working in ’boutique’ medical clinics. The Annals of Family Medicine, 22(Supplement 1), 6600.  DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.22.s1.6600
  • Glazier, RH. (2024). Addressing unmet need for primary care in Canada. Healthcare Management Forum, 37(6):451-456. doi:10.1177/08404704241271141
  • Mathews, M., Ryan, D., Deslauriers, V., Moritz, LR., Xiao, J., Breton, M., Green, ME., Isenor, JE., Marshall, EG., Buote, R., Meredith, L., Smithman, MA., Ashcroft, R., Bowles, S., Guénette, L., Lawrence, L., Martin-Misener, R., McCarthy, LM., McDougall, B., Mooney, M., Morrison, B., Murphy, A., Stringer, K. (2024). Care-seeking experiences of unattached patients in the Canadian health care system. Canadian Family Physician, 70(6) 396-403. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46747/cfp.7006396
  • Shuldiner, J., Green, ME., Kiran ,T., Khan, S., Frymire, E., Moineddin, R., Kerr, M., Tadrous, M., Nowak, DA., Kwong, JC., Hu, J., Witteman, HO., Hamilton, B., Bogoch, I., Marshall, LJ., Ikura, S., Bar-Ziv, S., Kaplan, D., Ivers, N. (2024). Characteristics of primary care practices by proportion of patients unvaccinated against SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional cohort study. CMAJ, 196(13) E432-E440.  https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.230816

Publications 2023

  • Aggarwal M, Kokorelias KM, Glazier RH, Katz A, Shiers-Hanley JE, & Upshur REG. (2023). What is the role of primary care in the COVID-19 vaccine roll-out and the barriers and facilitators to an equitable vaccine roll-out? A rapid scoping review of nine jurisdictions. BMJ Open, 13(4), e065306. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065306 
  • Bayoumi I, Glazier RH, Jaakkimainen L, Premji K, Kiran T, Frymire E, Khan S, Green ME. Trends in attachment to a primary care provider in Ontario, 2008–2018: an interrupted time-series analysis. CMAJ Open. 2023;11(5):E809-E819. https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20220167
  • Grady C, Han H, Kim DH, Corderre-Ball AM, Alam N. Family physicians collaborating for health system integration: a scoping review. BMC Health Services Research. 2023;23:68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09063-w
  • Grady C, Chan-Nguyen S, Mathies D, Alam N. Family physicians partnering for system change: a multiple-case study of Ontario Health Teams in development. 2023;23:1113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10070-0
  • Hakimjavadi R, Karunananthan S, Fung C, et al. (2023). Using electronic consultation (eConsult) to identify frailty in provider-to-provider communication: A feasibility and validation study. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1), 136. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-03870-w  
  • Lapointe-Shaw L, Salahub C, Austin PC, Bai L, Bhatia RS, Bird C, Glazier RH, Hedden L, Ivers NM, Martin D, Shuldiner J, Spithoff S, Tadrous M, Kiran T. Virtual Visits with Own Family Physician Versus an Outside Family Physician and Emergency Department Use. JAMA Network Open. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.49452
  • Premji K, Green M, Glazier RH, et al. Characteristics of patients attached to near-retirement family physicians: a population-based serial cross-sectional study in Ontario, Canada. BMJ Open. 2023;0:e074120. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074120
  • Walter G, Jeimy S, Liddy C, Guglani S, Ellis AK, Blair A, Kobayaa H, Chad Z, & Keely E. (2023). Utility of eConsults for COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Concerns in Ontario: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, 38 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-023-00789-0  

Publications 2022

  • Dahrouge S, Gauthier AP, Durand F, Lemonde M, Saluja K, Kendall C, Premji K, Presseau J, Chomienne MH, Toal-Sullivan DA, Timony P, Perna A, & Prud’homme D. (2022). Primary care based navigation services to support access to health and social resources: The Access to Resources in the Community (ARC) Model. International Journal of Integrated Care, 22(4):13. doi: 10.5334/ijic.6500 
  • Mathews M, Ryan D, Hedden L, Lukewich J, Marshall EG, Brown JB, Gill PS, McKay M, Wong E, Wetmore SJ, Buote R, Meredith L, Moritz L, Spencer S, Alexiadis M, Freeman TR, Letto A, Sibbald SL, & Terry AL. (2022). Family physician leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic: Roles, functions and key supports. Leadership in Health Services, 35(4), 707-720. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-03-2022-0030 
  • Terry AL, Stewart M, Ashcroft R, Brown JB, Burge F, Haggerty J, McWilliam C, Meredith L, Reid GJ, Thomas R, Wong ST, & the TUTOR-PHC Program Investigators/Mentors. (2022). Complex skills are required for new primary health care researchers: A training program responds. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 565. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03620-3 

Publications 2021

  • Jaakkimainen L, Bayoumi I, Glazier R, Premji K, Kiran T, Khan S, Frymire E, & Green M. (2021). Development and validation of an algorithm using health administrative data to define patient attachment to primary care providers. Journal of Health Organization and Management, Journal of Health Organization Management, 2021 Jul 26;ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print):733-743. doi: 10.1108/JHOM-05-2020-0171 
  • Liddy C, Singh J, Mitchell R, Guglani S, & Keely E. (2021, October). How one eConsult Service is addressing emerging COVID-19 questions. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, May-Jun;35(3):601-604. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.03.210264 
  • Premji K, Sucha E, Glazier RH, Green ME, Wodchis WP, Hogg WE, Kiran T, Frymire E, Freeman T, & Ryan B. (2021). Correlation of primary care bonus payments with patient-reported access in urban Ontario: A cross-sectional study. Canadian Medical Association Journal Open, 9(4):E1080-E1096. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20200235 
  • Singh J, Garber G, Keely E, Guglani S, & Liddy C. (2021). Evaluation of an electronic consultation service for Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) care. Annals of Family Medicine, 20(3):220-226. doi: 10.1370/afm.2807  
  • Singh J, Guglani S, Keely E, Garber G, & Liddy C. (2021). The Utilization of an electronic consultation service during the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic. Telemedicine and eHealth, e[Pub]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34861116/ 
  • Toal-Sullivan D, Lemonde M, Gauthier AP, & Dahrouge S. (2021). Adopting a lay navigator training programme in primary care. Health Education Journal, 80(2), 210–224. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896920959364. 

Publications 2020

  • Kiran T, Green ME, DeWit Y, Khan S, Schultz SE, Kopp A, Yeritsyan N, Haj-Ali W, & Glazier RH. (2020). Association of physician payment model and team-based care with timely access in primary care: A population-based cross-sectional study. Canadian Medical Association Journal Open, 8(2), E328-E337. https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20190063 

POPLAR

Publications 

  1. Butt DA, Stephenson E, Kalia S, Moineddin R, Tu K. (2023). Patient visits and prescriptions for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from 2017-2021: Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic in primary care. PLoS One. 2023 Mar 13;18(3):e0281307. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281307 . PMID: 36913355; PMCID: PMC10010552.  
  1. Lees J, Theal R, Barber D, Herman C. (2023). Considerations for Creating a Restricted Data Environment with Complete Primary Care Electronic Medical Record Data. Ann Fam Med. 2023 Jan 1;(21 Suppl 1). https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.21.s1.4084 . PMID: 36972526. 
  1. Mangin D, Lamarche L, Oliver D, Blackhouse G, Bomze S, Borhan S, Carr T, Clark R, Datta J, Dolovich L, Gaber J, Forsyth P, Howard M, Marentette-Brown S, Risdon C, Talat S, Tarride JÉ, Thabane L, Valaitis R, Price D. (2023). Health TAPESTRY Ontario: A Multi-Site Randomized Controlled Trial Testing Implementation and Reproducibility. Ann Fam Med. 2023 Mar-Apr;21(2):132-142. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.2944 . PMID: 36973055; PMCID: PMC10042555. 
  1. Meaney C, Moineddin R, Kalia S, Aliarzadeh B, Greiver M. (2022). Using Primary Care Clinical Text Data and Natural Language Processing to Identify Indicators of COVID-19 in Toronto, Canada. PLOS Digit Health. 2022 Dec 7;1(12):e0000150. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000150 . PMID: 36812606; PMCID: PMC9931279.  
  1. O’Neill, B., Kalia, S., Hum, S. et al. (2022). Socioeconomic and immigration status and COVID-19 testing in Toronto, Ontario: retrospective cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 22, 1067. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13388-2  
  1. Selick A, Durbin J, Hamdani Y, Rayner J, Lunsky Y. (2022). Accessibility of Virtual Primary Care for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Study. JMIR Form Res. 2022 Aug 22;6(8):e38916. https://doi.org/10.2196/38916 . PMID: 35951444; PMCID: PMC9400841. 
  1. Stephenson E, O’Neill B, Kalia S, Ji C, Crampton N, Butt DA, Tu K. (2022). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression in primary care: A retrospective cohort study. J Affect Disord. 2022 Apr 15;303:216-222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.004 . Epub 2022 Feb 6. PMID: 35139415; PMCID: PMC8818125.  
  1. Stephenson E, Tu K, Ji C, Butt , Crampton N, Gronsbell J, O’Neill B. (2022). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression in primary care: A cohort study in Ontario, Canada. Ann Fam Med. 2022 Apr 1;20(20 Suppl 1). https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.20.s1.2911 . PMID: 35947415. 
  1. Stephenson E, Yusuf A, Gronsbell J, Tu K, Melamed O, Mitiku T, Selby P, O’Neill B. (2022). Disruptions in Primary Care among People with Schizophrenia in Ontario, Canada, During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Can J Psychiatry. 2022 Nov 30:7067437221140384. https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437221140384 . Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36453004; PMCID: PMC9720063. 
  1. Tu K, Sarkadi Kristiansson R, Gronsbell J, de Lusignan S, Flottorp S, Goh LH, Hallinan CM, Hoang U, Kang SY, Kim YS, Li Z, Ling ZJ, Manski-Nankervis JA, Ng APP, Pace WD, Wensaas KA, Wong WC, Stephenson E; INTRePID. (2022). Changes in primary care visits arising from the COVID-19 pandemic: an international comparative study by the International Consortium of Primary Care Big Data Researchers (INTRePID). BMJ Open. 2022 May 9;12(5):e059130. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059130 . PMID: 35534063; PMCID: PMC9086267.  
  1. Stephenson E, Butt DA, Gronsbell J, Ji C, O’Neill B, Crampton N, Tu K. (2021). Changes in the top 25 reasons for primary care visits during the COVID-19 pandemic in a high-COVID region of Canada. PLoS One. 2021 Aug 12;16(8):e0255992. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255992 . PMID: 34383844; PMCID: PMC8360367. 
  1. Stephenson E, O’Neill B, Gronsbell J, Butt DA, Crampton N, Ji C, Kalia S, Meaney C, Tu K. (2021). Changes in family medicine visits across sociodemographic groups after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario: a retrospective cohort study. CMAJ Open. 2021 Jun 15;9(2):E651-E658. https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20210005 . PMID: 34131028; PMCID: PMC8248562  
  1. Wintemute K, Noor M, Bhatt A, Bloch G, Arackal S, Kalia S, Aliarzadeh B, La Tona S, Lo J, Pinto AD, Greiver M. (2021). Implementation of targeted screening for poverty in a large primary care team in Toronto, Canada: a feasibility study. BMC Fam Pract. 2021 Sep 30;22(1):194. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01514-9 . PMID: 34592935; PMCID: PMC8483428.